Banner Mineralization

3 primary styles of gold mineralization all part of large intrusive related gold system

  • Host & model: Gold is hosted in the Cleary Hill schists and the  Dolphin multiphase intrusive stock (deposit type is intrusion-related gold (IRG) and genetically linked to the Dolphin stock.
  • Geometry & controls: Mineralization forms tabular bodies dipping SE (40–50°) and plunging gently SW (10–15°). Its margins are largely tectonically controlled by two sinistral faults (DSF, TSF) and the Cleary Road Cut Shear Zone. It extends ~1.8 km SW–NE, is ~0.8–1.0 km wide, and is traced from surface to ~700 m vertical depth (open to the SW and east).
  • Grades/zones: Includes (1) low-grade tabular zones (>0.5 g/t Au) in Upper, Main (and possibly Lower) levels, plus (2) higher-grade corridors (>1.0 g/t Au) in several relatively continuous trends (ENE; includes Tolovana, Colorado, Wyoming, Wackwitz veins).
  • Geochemical signatures: Upper level (0–150 m) shows As with Ag-Pb-Sb-Zn (stockwork + vein styles). The Main level is mainly Au–As with rare base metals.

Two mineralization styles:

  • Early “invisible” micron-gold in quartz sheeted veinlets/stockworks and shear/breccia-hosted veinlets (Au–As; grades increase with alteration/vein density).
  • Later high-grade sulfide–quartz veins/disseminations (similar to historic underground workings) with Ag-Pb-Sb-Zn enrichment, occupying the upper part of the system.
  • Mineralogy & vectors: Pyrite + arsenopyrite dominate; locally stibnite, Sb sulfosalts, tetrahedrite, scheelite, galena, sphalerite occur. Arsenic closely tracks Au; Silver, Lead Zinc are mostly confined to the Upper level, while antimony is more broadly distributed and can occur above/deeper relative to Main-level gold. Random narrow Au-bearing veins (30–50 cm) at any depth may reflect a separate, earlier gold event.

Strong alteration appears to be generally indicative of higher gold values, particularly with strong silicification and sericitization.

Most common alteration:

Advanced argillic | Sericitization | Silicification

  • Dominant style: Alteration is driven by quartz–silica veining (mm-scale sheeted veinlets → cm-scale sheeted veins → stockworks → meter-scale veins), commonly with silicification (especially in schists).
  • Multiple events: At least three veinlet generations, evolving from early fine veinlets to later thicker white/grey veins that can carry visible gold.
  • Wall-rock halos & minerals: Veins have narrow (cm-scale) envelopes of sericite ± quartz ± Fe-carbonate ± clay; vein mineralogy is quartz ± sulfides ± sulfosalt ± sericite ± carbonate ± tourmaline

Two alteration assemblages (interpreted):

  • Early shear-zone sheeted veinlets/stockworks with pervasive silica + sericite, locally strong sulfide impregnation (pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite; base metals rare at depth).
  • Late high-grade auriferous veins (low-sulfide carbonate–quartz) with strong quartz–sericite envelopes and disseminated sulfides; kaolinite occurs in intrusives and chlorite appears in peripheral schist alteration.
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